IPython magic command to render matplotlib plots.

%matplotlib inline

10x RNA-seq gene expression data (part 2a)#

In part 1, we explore two examples looking at the expression of canonical neurotransmitter transporter genes and gene Tac2 in the thalamus. In this notebook, we will prepare data so that we can repeat the examples for all cells spanning the whole brain. This notebook takes ~ 5 minutes to run.

The results from this notebook has already been cached and saved. As such, you can skip this notebook and continue with part 2b. A cleaner example of accessing genes from the expression matricies can also be found in the general_accessing_10x_snRNASeq_tutorial.ipynb notebook.

You need to be connected to the internet to run this notebook and have run through the getting started notebook.

import pandas as pd
from pathlib import Path
import numpy as np
import anndata
import time

from abc_atlas_access.abc_atlas_cache.abc_project_cache import AbcProjectCache

We will interact with the data using the AbcProjectCache. This cache object tracks which data has been downloaded and serves the path to the requsted data on disk. For metadata, the cache can also directly serve a up a Pandas Dataframe. See the getting_started notebook for more details on using the cache including installing it if it has not already been.

Change the download_base variable to where you have downloaded the data in your system.

download_base = Path('../../data/abc_atlas')
abc_cache = AbcProjectCache.from_cache_dir(download_base)

abc_cache.current_manifest
'releases/20240831/manifest.json'
cell = abc_cache.get_metadata_dataframe(directory='WMB-10X', file_name='cell_metadata')
cell.set_index('cell_label', inplace=True)

Gene expression matrices#

The large 4 million cell dataset has been divided into 23 packages to make data transfer and download more efficient. Each package is formatted as annadata h5ad file with minimal metadata. In this next section, we provide example code on how to open the file and connect with the rich cell level metadata discussed above.

For each subset, there are two h5ad files one storing the raw counts and the other log normalization of it.

matrices = cell.groupby(['dataset_label', 'feature_matrix_label'])[['library_label']].count()
matrices.columns  = ['cell_count']
matrices
cell_count
dataset_label feature_matrix_label
WMB-10XMulti WMB-10XMulti 1687
WMB-10Xv2 WMB-10Xv2-CTXsp 43985
WMB-10Xv2-HPF 207281
WMB-10Xv2-HY 99879
WMB-10Xv2-Isocortex-1 248776
WMB-10Xv2-Isocortex-2 249360
WMB-10Xv2-Isocortex-3 249356
WMB-10Xv2-Isocortex-4 248784
WMB-10Xv2-MB 29781
WMB-10Xv2-OLF 192182
WMB-10Xv2-TH 130555
WMB-10Xv3 WMB-10Xv3-CB 181723
WMB-10Xv3-CTXsp 78223
WMB-10Xv3-HPF 181055
WMB-10Xv3-HY 162296
WMB-10Xv3-Isocortex-1 227670
WMB-10Xv3-Isocortex-2 227537
WMB-10Xv3-MB 337101
WMB-10Xv3-MY 191746
WMB-10Xv3-OLF 88560
WMB-10Xv3-P 143157
WMB-10Xv3-PAL 108046
WMB-10Xv3-STR 283782
WMB-10Xv3-TH 130454

Example use cases#

In this section, we explore two use cases. The first example looks at the expression of nine canonical neurotransmitter transporter genes and the second the expression of gene Tac2.

To support these use cases, we will create a smaller submatrix (all cells and 10 genes) and write to file for resue in part 2b. Note this operation takes around 5 minutes.

A cleaner example of loading data from the expression matricies can be found in the general_accessing_10x_snRNASeq_tutorial.ipynb notebook.

abc_cache.list_data_files('WMB-10XMulti')
['WMB-10XMulti/log2', 'WMB-10XMulti/raw']
file = abc_cache.get_data_path(directory='WMB-10XMulti', file_name='WMB-10XMulti/log2')
print(file)
WMB-10XMulti-log2.h5ad: 100%|███████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████| 89.3M/89.3M [00:04<00:00, 19.0MMB/s]
/Users/chris.morrison/src/data/abc_atlas/expression_matrices/WMB-10XMulti/20230830/WMB-10XMulti-log2.h5ad

ad = anndata.read_h5ad(file,backed='r')
gene = ad.var
ntgenes = ['Slc17a7', 'Slc17a6', 'Slc17a8', 'Slc32a1', 'Slc6a5', 'Slc18a3', 'Slc6a3', 'Slc6a4', 'Slc6a2']
exgenes = ['Tac2']
gnames = ntgenes + exgenes
pred = [x in gnames for x in gene.gene_symbol]
gene_filtered = gene[pred]
gene_filtered
gene_symbol
gene_identifier
ENSMUSG00000037771 Slc32a1
ENSMUSG00000070570 Slc17a7
ENSMUSG00000039728 Slc6a5
ENSMUSG00000030500 Slc17a6
ENSMUSG00000055368 Slc6a2
ENSMUSG00000019935 Slc17a8
ENSMUSG00000025400 Tac2
ENSMUSG00000020838 Slc6a4
ENSMUSG00000021609 Slc6a3
ENSMUSG00000100241 Slc18a3
# create empty gene expression dataframe
gdata = pd.DataFrame(index=cell.index, columns=gene_filtered.index)
count = 0
total_start = time.process_time()

for matindex in matrices.index:
    
    ds = matindex[0]
    mp = matindex[1]
    
    print(mp)
    
    file = abc_cache.get_data_path(directory=ds, file_name=mp + '/log2')
    
    pred = (cell['feature_matrix_label'] == mp)
    cell_filtered = cell[pred]
    
    start = time.process_time()
    ad = anndata.read_h5ad(file, backed='r')
    exp = ad[cell_filtered.index, gene_filtered.index].to_df()
    gdata.loc[ exp.index, gene_filtered.index ] = exp
    print(" - time taken: ", time.process_time() - start)
    
    ad.file.close()
    del ad
    
    count += 1
    
    if count > 2 :
       break
        
print("total time taken: ", time.process_time() - total_start)
    
WMB-10XMulti
 - time taken:  0.125119999999999
WMB-10Xv2-CTXsp
WMB-10Xv2-CTXsp-log2.h5ad: 100%|████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████| 1.74G/1.74G [01:17<00:00, 22.5MMB/s]
 - time taken:  2.433600999999996
WMB-10Xv2-HPF
WMB-10Xv2-HPF-log2.h5ad: 100%|██████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████████| 6.10G/6.10G [15:59<00:00, 6.35MMB/s]
 - time taken:  9.911672999999979
total time taken:  208.38595400000003
# change columns from index to gene symbol
gdata.columns = gene_filtered.gene_symbol
pred = pd.notna(gdata[gdata.columns[0]])
gdata = gdata[pred].copy(deep=True)
print(len(gdata))
252953